Recommendation:

While considering mentioned situations three logical criterias seems useful for the determination of recommendation and that are self sustaining- to determine long term sustaining of the system, energy efficient-will determine level of energy efficiency in design, Architectural expression- will explore expressive quality with sustainability message conveyed by design, Attract public for awareness- will measure the amount of visitors attending and getting aware about the facts.

Available program options:

The Mangrove Research institute- the institute will be located in mangrove region providing opportunities to researchers and will be funded by wwf Pakistan, wildlife departments and different NGO’s, in addition to that it would have learning centers with fun facilities for childern and experiential space for live interaction with mangrove biodiversity. Energy will be acquired by renewable energy sources. Design will be based on algorithmic approach with perma culture. The type of visitors will be mainly students, childern(school trips) and researchers.

The Research Academy with Recreational zone – it will be located in mangrove region, comprises of research zone , learning center, and recreational facilities with experiential spaces for live interaction with mangrove biodiversity. Recreational facilites will be snorkilling/ diving training, cafeteria, mangrove swamp tours and boating. Energy will be acquired by renewable energy sources. Design will be based on algorithmic approach with perma culture. The in come will be generated by the visitors, it will be open platform with specific rules and regulations.

Analysis of options:

The Mangrove Research institute- it will act as a academy and it will only attract limited types of visitors, vast amount of people will remain un-aware about environmental issues, how ever it will be of less hassle and will directly take steps against any wildlife threats or other inappropriate actions, with its affiliated institutes. However this option doesn’t seems to be self-sustaining in terms of economics.

The Research Academy with Recreational zone- This option will probably attract more people due to its recreational facilities and it will provide opportunites to students and researchers to learn and research as well as it will aware vast amount of peoples regarding environmental issues, indirectly. Since its income is based on visitors, so this option  seems viable and self-sustaining, economically and functionally.

Measurement of options:

Program Options	Self sustaining	Energy efficient	Attract people for awareness	Architectural expression	Total points
The Mangrove Research institute	*	***	*	***	8
The Research Academy with Recreational zone	***	***	***	***	12

*more asterisk show more acceptability

Recommended option:

By Analyzing the criteria provided in the above Table, The most useful program option for final recommendation is research academy with recreational zone. By implementing this option we can fulfill all our objectives.

Basic Architectural programs division based on above breakdown.

The Social Issue - Un-awareness in the country.

In Pakistan most of the people are un-aware of the fact that forests and wildlife biodiversity is the most valuable fortune of a country, which is because of un-awareness. People are destroying nature, just for their pleasure and economic development. As deforestation is the major issue, this Deforestation is not only affecting the natural habitat, it is also leading to other problems like natural disasters and air pollution. And it is leading to the extinction of animals. Deforestation is due to population increase and also, to use land for agricultural purposes and cattle grazing. In agricultural practices, misuse of pesticides is spreading diseases in insects, birds and aquatic life. Due to deforestation, animals, in search of food, heads toward villages or populated areas and got hunted or killed by people. Same way mangroves forests are threatened by land grabbers and government projects.

There are several NGOs affiliated with Wildlife departments of different provinces and WWF Pakistan is working hard to protect wildlife of the country. Government has also implemented National environmental policy in 2005 to overcome these problems. However still due to un-awareness and illiteracy among people, problem still persists.

Description:

Pakistan has only less than 5% of area which is covered by forest. And this is decreasing at a constant rate.

Increased rate of deforestation in Pakistan is directly affecting the wildlife of the country because it is destroying their natural habitat; deforestation is estimated 1% annually. If deforestation is continued for another 15 years these natural resources will be totally consumed.[1]

More than half of the remaining mangrove forests, more than two-thirds of rive rain forests and more than nine -tenths of remaining coniferous forests occupy less than 50% of the area that they originally occupied.[2]

Deforestation is directly linked with population increase, and in order to accommodate expanding urban area trees are being cut down for use in building materials, furniture and paper products.[3]

Other than that hunting has taken deep roots in Pakistan. People are hunting animals for their pleasure which is leading to their extinction. This is happening due to weak legal structure of the country. People are also hunting animals for their skin; various reptiles like snake, lizards and crocodiles are being hunted for their skin.[4]

This interference in natural order is affecting the natural cycle of biodiversity. For example increased number of animals like wild boars and jackals is directly related to the elimination of their predators, which are wild cats. And due to reduced number of snakes population of rats is increasing. This leads to post-harvest losses of grains. In nature every living thing has a very complex network of relationship, this is known as symbiosis, for example. When plants need specific nutrient, they release chemicals from their root, which attract certain microbes which produces that specific nutrient. But human interventions like using pesticides disturb this process by killing all kind of microbial organism in soil. But due to increase in population needs of modern technologies in agriculture become essential. So the use of chemical fertilizer, pesticides and insecticides are spreading diseases in aquatic life, insects and birds.[5] There is International code of conduct for use of pesticides but due to lack of awareness in farmers, problem still persist.[6] Pesticide use in Pakistan has increased 7 fold in quantity between 1981 and 1992 pesticides use increased 1,169% in 20 years.[7]

Same way these environmental problems are also affecting mangrove forests. A mangrove forest plays the most fundamental role in the breeding of fishes and other aquatic animals. Discharge of sewage and industrial chemicals in water bodies and marine water is destroying mangrove forest and aquatic life in the coastal areas.

According to Dr Tahir Qureshi of the World Conservation Union (IUCN)

 “The community people and their animals are not threats to mangroves. Marine pollution and unplanned urbanization are real threats to these plants, which may create uncertainty for the residents.”[8]

Since in Karachi city mangrove's forest are the most valuable assets, responsible for the economic growth and environmental improvement, however people are un-aware of this fact, and large area of mangrove landscape is being cut down, so the need of environmental awareness institutes becomes the most essential requirement for the city. 

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[1]  Deforestation rate alarming: Report by Peninsula -Retrieved on 4^th feb2011

http://www.illegal-logging.info/item_single.php?it_id=1482&it=news                   

[2] Pakistan Environmental Issues- Retrieved on 4^th feb2011

http://www.greenlivingasc.org/pakistan2.htm

[3] Deforestation level alarming http://splus.nation.com.pk/pakistan-news-newspaper-daily-english-online/print/Environment/04-Nov-2009/Deforestation-level-alarming -Retrieved on 9-feb-2011

[4] Threats to Wildlife Biodiversity  -Retrieved on 5-feb-2011

http://www.wildlifeofpakistan.com/WildlifeBiodiversityofPakistan/threatstowildlifeinPakistan.htm

[5] Palmer, WE, Bromley, PT, and Brandenburg, RL.Wildlife & pesticides - Peanuts. North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service. Retrieved on 2007-10-11.

[6] COUNTRY REPORT ON INTERNATIONAL CODE OF CONDUCT ON THE DISTRIBUTION AND USE OF PESTICIDES By Raashid Bashir Mazari Adviser and Director General

[7] Daily times: Use of Pesticides By Shahid Husain Retrieved on 5-feb-2011

http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=story_15-1-2003_pg5_6

[8] Mai Kolachi mangrove drama continues unchecked by Dr.Tahir Qureshi-retrieved on 10-feb-2011

http://www.apnakarachi.com/Mai-Kolachi-mangrove-drama-continues-unchecked.html

Full ideal/perfect growth and golden spirals

Perfect growth principle 3D

Black mangrove example.

deformation of black mangrove according to its contextual constraints...

True base of this thesis!

in nature every organism exist in their imperfect form, the perfect ideal form is not possible due to environmental condition that shape the living organism...so the true normality is imperfection that is shaped by the environment. and the perfect ideal form is considered here abnormal due to its environmental constraints and the perfect form cannot survive in the environmental constraints, however deformity also has a certain pattern that can be trace through environmental forces....

ideal morphology

picking up black mangrove

since black mangrove is more functional and contributing more in environment due to its unique characteristic so i am analyzing it in details.

Mangroves and their types...

fractal of red mangrove

Fractal breakdown of mangrove structure

Function=form & Most Active Environmental Contribution

Since the environmental cycle is the most essential characteristics of any design, so i am analyzing the most environmentally active landscapes of Karachi, Pakistan

Since Mangrove landscape has most active role in increasing the quality of environment, so i am studying mangrove organisms.

Sequence and behaviour

the growth of living organism are on sequences and progression, the Architectural form can be designed on these sequences of nature with the function embedded on it. These form will have extreme crystalline regularity as found in nature. this way the design will be in harmony with its surrounding.
the way evolution take place in nature, in which the living organism shaped themselves according to the  environmental conditions, same way Architecture behave's and design it is transform with the time according to need of user and transform according to context(sun, wind and view). as in illustration the cube is shaped according to the context.
the concept of green roof is also an example of architecture that respond to its environment. it attract birds and insect and symbiosis take place...

Designs and forms by the interpretation of natures principle

Algorithms

Algorithms are every where, the basic neurological structure are based on algorithm, the algorithm are written on brains of living organism so they can response interact and educate themselves on trail n error basis, not only the living organism but also the matter is shaped by algorithm and that algorithm are based on certain bonding principles of atom. the molecular structure of an element are based on particular set of instructions so for example in the sugar crystals, the molecules are built on specific algorithm, so if we broke it into the particles each particle will have same crystalline regularity in its form. same way the growth of an organism are on certain geometrical principles, and these growth algorithms of nature are known as divine proportions.

The computation and the neurological function of brain work some how in same manner, in computation the artificial intelligence work through algorithms in which computer is programmed to response according to situation. They have ability to respond , interact and process the information.

This bubble diagram is showing how the "function" and the "form" of a living organism is shaped by the algorithms. and how the network of the functions are connected together to make the organism self controlled and make them grow through certain principles...

Organism and algorithms

The living organisms have many attributes, and the most essential characteristics are that they are self organizing, they are capable of growth and reproduction, they are composed of individual elements(organ) linked to each other and they are self controlled. these characteristic relies on their "Form" and "Function", and that is based on Algorithms"